10.Dubbo

dubbo-demo (opens new window)

# 01.SpringCloud整合Dubbo

# 0、服务说明

1）Dubbo作用
- Dubbo是阿里巴巴开源的一个高性能Java RPC框架，主要用于服务间的远程调用
- Dubbo可以用来替换Feign，可以有更高性能和吞吐量

2）Dubbo如何使用
- 使用Dubbo进行服务调用，一般将公共接口独立抽取为模块
- 消费者引入依赖，引用dubbo服务
- 提供者引入依赖，编写接口实现类，暴露服务即可

3）微服务架构

# 1、导入Sql语句

# 启动MySQL
docker run --name mysql-server -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3306 -u root -p123456
# 启动nacos
cd /Users/tom.xiao/soft/nacos/bin
sh startup.sh -m standalone

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创建dubbo-demo

create database dubbo_demo charset utf8;
use dubbo_demo;

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CREATE TABLE `tb_order`  (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '订单id',
  `userId` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
  `name` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品名称',
  `price` bigint(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品价格',
  `num` int(10) NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '商品数量',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE,
  UNIQUE INDEX `username`(`name`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 109 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = COMPACT;

INSERT INTO `tb_order` VALUES (101, 1, 'Apple 苹果 iPhone 12 ', 699900, 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_order` VALUES (102, 2, '雅迪 yadea 新国标电动车', 209900, 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_order` VALUES (103, 3, '骆驼（CAMEL）休闲运动鞋女', 43900, 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_order` VALUES (104, 4, '小米10 双模5G 骁龙865', 359900, 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_order` VALUES (105, 5, 'OPPO Reno3 Pro 双模5G 视频双防抖', 299900, 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_order` VALUES (106, 6, '美的（Midea) 新能效 冷静星II ', 544900, 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_order` VALUES (107, 2, '西昊/SIHOO 人体工学电脑椅子', 79900, 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_order` VALUES (108, 3, '梵班（FAMDBANN）休闲男鞋', 31900, 1);

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CREATE TABLE `tb_user`  (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `username` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '收件人',
  `address` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE,
  UNIQUE INDEX `username`(`username`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 7 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = COMPACT;

INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (1, '柳岩', '湖南省衡阳市');
INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (2, '文二狗', '陕西省西安市');
INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (3, '华沉鱼', '湖北省十堰市');
INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (4, '张必沉', '天津市');
INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (5, '郑爽爽', '辽宁省沈阳市大东区');
INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (6, '范兵兵', '山东省青岛市');

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# 2、访问接口

http://127.0.0.1:8081/user/1
http://127.0.0.1:8082/order/101

# 3、创建项目

创建一个空的maven项目

添加user-service模块

# 02.代码

# 0、项目结构

# 1) 项目结构

dubbo-demo
├── pom.xml      # 项目根目录的 Maven 配置文件，定义了整个项目的模块和依赖管理
├── dubbo-api    # 一、公共服务接口
│   ├── pom.xml
│   ├── src
│   │   ├── main
│   │   │   ├── java
│   │   │   │   └── com
│   │   │   │       └── example
│   │   │   │           └── dubbo
│   │   │   │               └── api
│   │   │   │                   └── UserService.java
├── dubbo-domains  # 二、实体类
│   ├── pom.xml
│   ├── src
│   │   ├── main
│   │   │   ├── java
│   │   │   │   └── com
│   │   │   │       └── example
│   │   │   │           └── dubbo
│   │   │   │               └── domain
│   │   │   │                   ├── Order.java
│   │   │   │                   └── User.java
└── user-service   # 三、服务提供者
    ├── pom.xml
    ├── src
    │   ├── main
    │   │   ├── java
    │   │   │   └── com
    │   │   │       └── example
    │   │   │           └── user
    │   │   │               ├── UserApplication.java
    │   │   │               ├── controller
    │   │   │               │   └── UserController.java
    │   │   │               ├── mapper
    │   │   │               │   └── UserMapper.java
    │   │   │               └── service
    │   │   │                   └── impl
    │   │   │                       └── UserServiceImpl.java
    │   │   └── resources
    │   │       └── application.yml
├── order-service   # 四、服务消费者
│   ├── pom.xml
│   ├── src
│   │   ├── main
│   │   │   ├── java
│   │   │   │   └── com
│   │   │   │       └── example
│   │   │   │           └── order
│   │   │   │               ├── OrderApplication.java
│   │   │   │               ├── controller
│   │   │   │               │   └── OrderController.java
│   │   │   │               ├── mapper
│   │   │   │               │   └── OrderMapper.java
│   │   │   │               └── service
│   │   │   │                   ├── OrderService.java
│   │   │   │                   └── impl
│   │   │   │                       └── OrderServiceImpl.java
│   │   │   └── resources
│   │   │       └── application.yml

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# 2) pom.xml父级

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <modules>
        <module>user-service</module>
        <module>dubbo-api</module>
        <module>dubbo-domains</module>
        <module>order-service</module>
    </modules>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR10</spring-cloud.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
        <mybatis.version>2.1.1</mybatis.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--springcloud alibaba-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mysql驱动 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--mybatis-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

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# 1、dubbo-domains实体类

# 0) pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>dubbo-domains</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

</project>

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# 1) User.java

dubbo/domain/User.java

import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
public class User implements Serializable {
    private Long id;
    private String username;
    private String address;
}

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# 2) Order.java

domain/Order.java

import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
public class Order implements Serializable {
    private Long id;
    private Long price;
    private String name;
    private Integer num;
    private Long userId;
    private User user;
}

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# 2、dubbo-api公共接口

# 0) pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-domains</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

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# 1) UserService.java

import com.example.dubbo.domain.User;

public interface UserService {

    User queryById(Long id);
}

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# 3、user-service服务提供者

# 0) pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>user-service</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-domains</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--nacos注册中心的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--springcloud alibaba dubbo依赖   -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>user-service</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

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# 1) resource

resources/application.yml

server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dubbo_demo?useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
  application:
    name: user-service
dubbo:
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
    port: 20881
  registry:
    address: spring-cloud://127.0.0.1  #使用springcloud中注册中心的地址
  scan:
    base-packages: com.example.user.service

logging:
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: HH:mm:ss:SSS

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# 2) UserApplication.java

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@MapperScan("com.example.user.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
public class UserApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class, args);
    }
}

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# 3) controller

controller/UserController.java

import com.example.dubbo.api.UserService;
import com.example.dubbo.domain.User;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    /**
     * 路径： /user/110
     * @param id 用户id
     * @return 用户
     */
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public User queryById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return userService.queryById(id);
    }
}

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# 4) service

service/impl/UserServiceImpl.java

import com.example.dubbo.api.UserService;
import com.example.dubbo.domain.User;
import com.example.user.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

/**
 * 当远程客户端调用 queryById 方法时，Dubbo 会将请求转发到这个服务实现类
 */

@DubboService  //将这个类标记为一个 Dubbo 服务，使其可以被其他 Dubbo 客户端远程调用
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    public User queryById(Long id) {
        return userMapper.findById(id);
    }
}

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# 5) mapper

mapper/UserMapper.java

import com.example.dubbo.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;

public interface UserMapper {
    
    @Select("select * from tb_user where id = #{id}")
    User findById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

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# 4、order-service服务消费者

# 0) pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-demo</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>order-service</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-domains</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--nacos注册中心的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--springcloud alibaba dubbo依赖   -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>order-service</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

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# 1) resource

resources/application.yml

server:
  port: 8082
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dubbo_demo?useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
  application:
    name: order-service
#dubbo消费者
dubbo:
  registry:
    address: spring-cloud://127.0.0.1
  consumer:
    check: false
    retries: 0
logging:
  level:
    com.example: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: HH:mm:ss:SSS

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# 2) OrderApplication.java

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@MapperScan("com.example.order.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);
    }

}

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# 3) controller

controller/OrderController.java

import com.example.dubbo.api.UserService;
import com.example.dubbo.domain.Order;
import com.example.dubbo.domain.User;
import com.example.order.service.OrderService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("order")
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;

    @DubboReference
    private UserService userService;


    @GetMapping("{orderId}")
    public Order queryOrderByUserId(@PathVariable("orderId") Long orderId) {
        //1、根据id查询订单
        Order order = orderService.queryOrderById(orderId);
        //2、获取订单中的用户id
        Long userId = order.getUserId();
        //3、根据用户id，调用dubbo服务查询用户
        User user = userService.queryById(userId);
        order.setUser(user);
        //4、返回
        return order;
    }
}

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# 4) service

service/impl/OrderServiceImpl.java

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@MapperScan("com.example.order.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);
    }

}

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# 5) mapper

mapper/OrderMapper.java

import com.example.dubbo.domain.Order;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;

public interface OrderMapper {

    @Select("select * from tb_order where id = #{id}")
    Order findById(Long id) ;
}

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上次更新: 2024/6/17 19:12:09

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